Ol2r measurement of thermal growth shaft alignment with the vertizontal process. Mechanical engineering a series of textbooks and reference books founding editor l. A laserdriven shaft alignment device allows one to adjust alignment with far more speed and accuracy than either the straightedge or dial method. Shaft alignment is the positioning of the rotational centers of two or more shafts such that they are colinear when the machines are under normal operating conditions. This video is intended to guide a user through the shaft alignment process for a typical mid engine, direct drive tournament ski boat. The length of the motor shaft between its bearings is the resistance arm. This system features optional wireless communication, as well as a cardan shaft alignment mode that allows the user to focus only on the angularity that exists between the driver and driven shafts. The ludeca rotalign ultra is wellsuited for laser alignment of cardan shaft applications. Alignment simple steps to accurate alignment its a long. Shaft alignment training course ppt presentation and. It is not intended as a comprehensive guide to alignment of process machinery, nor is it a substitute for seeking professional advice or reference to the manufacturers of the machinery.
They contain software for straightness and flatness measurements. If the movable shaft is above the horizontal stationary shaft reference line the shaft is too high. Shaft alignment handbook, third edition, crc press, 2006. The goal of the alignment process is to create a straight line through the coupling, as shown in figure 1. Grc phase 3 focused on identifying any abnormal loading on the gear, shaft. The easiest way is to use a ruler or a straight edge over the two coupling halves and align by eyesight. These standards are useful only for shafttoshaft alignment of thermal power stations coal handling plants. The importance of shaft alignment flow control network.
Shaft alignment should be an organized and simple process. It is an absolute requirement for machinery before the machinery is put in service. In practice, proper alignment is difficult to achieve without using alignment equipment such as dial indicators or laser alignment tools. It is calculated, conducted and verified when the system is at rest. Usually you will have to add or remove shims in this step.
Shaft misalignment is responsible for as much as 50 percent of all costs related to rotating machinery breakdowns. On completion of training on the four easy steps to good shaft. It is followed by shaft alignment rim and face, and shaft alignment laser. Use the fg0 keys to highlight pdf file on the top line of the printer. Live view supports intuitive measurements and facilitates horizontal and vertical alignments.
Shaft align1 and shaft align2 are intended to enhance propeller shaft bearing performance for oil lubricated systems. Fluke 830 laser alignment tool manual pdf instrumart. Shaft alignment procedure mantenimiento planificado. The amount of alignment correction at the motor can seem to be very large.
The alignment standard suggested for fourdial gage method, which provides the technician the recommended approach for the quickest way with quality alignment. Laser alignment is an essential component of a viable. A good static alignment is required for troublefree dynamic operation of the propulsion shafting. Their special considerations call for special tools and approaches. Fixturlasers shaft alignment products are available in more than 70 countries. The objective of shaft alignment is to minimize coupling forces by making two rotational axes form a single line while the machine operates. Bearings, mechanical seals, packing, and couplings are all directly affected by the alignment of shaft center lines. When the shaft of two rotator machines are directly coupled via a flexible coupling, any misalignment between their centerlines of rotation can result in vibration.
Basic shaft alignment workbook for industrial rotatin n1achincrv. Alignment of the shaft is necessary when the motor or driven machinery is new or when it is dismantled due to improper running. The main purpose of shaft alignment is to make sure that the center line of the motor rotor shaft coincides with the center line of the driven machinery i. The reasons have not always been obvious, but in the modern world, the necessity of alignment is common knowledge. The vertical move is the part of the alignment process that aligns the two shafts centerlines into their proper up and down position. With todays optimized machinery, alignment is a vital part of the daily maintenance work. Shaft alignment is the process to align two or more shafts with each other to within a tolerated margin. The primary reasons why machinery is misaligned is lack of proper training, improper tools to do the job, and that people are not given enough time to do it right. The book is reference material on rotating machinery basics, pump overhaul, mechanical seals, basic vibration, and shaft alignment. Shaftalign os3 is easily extendable through the activation of powerful options as the alignment requirements grow. Stepbystep drive shaft alignment tamrazs parts 800.
Shaft alignment of rotating equipment is an essential part of machinery maintenance. Ntt recommends a class of no more than 12 participants for the best results. Several equipment alignment methods, especially the reverse dial indicator method, which is the principle used in laser alignment is covered in explicit detail. The shaft alignment class notations put additional focus on the impact of transient hydrodynamic propeller forces and moments, induced during extreme turning conditions in the upper speed range, on the aftmost. Cardan offset shaft alignment shaft alignment training. Proper shaft alignment is especially critical when the motor is operated at high speeds. The greater the distance, the greater the accuracy.
If, on the other hand, you update your knowledge of shaftalignment techniques and acceptable alignment tolerances, you might be on the way to becoming more reliabilityfocused. These applications arent as straightforward as others. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies. The participant is able to learnbydoing in the course. Shaft alignment report measurement program horizontal operator user measurement unit mils temperature 80.
Cte, new videos added to cte skills library the importance of shaft alignment. It is important to establish a set procedure to perform alignments. The fag toplaser equilign system must only be used for the alignment and calibration. Faulkner columbus division, battelle memorial institute and department of mechanical engineering the ohio state university columbus, ohio 1.
The data validity rule 1 shown in following equation. The alignment of shaft with the bearing and housing, which is a manufacturing tolerance stackup of the bearing parts and the housing bores and faces. With feeler gauge find obvious gaps and fill them with shims, taking care of any rough soft foot condition. For example, the only correct way to express shaftalignment tolerances is in terms of alignment conditions at the coupling, and we will describe several ways to do this. A practical guide to shaft alignment plant services. Care has been taken by the authors, pruftechnik ltd, in the preparation of this publication. Achieving proper alignment, however, involves much more than merely adjustment the machines so that the shafts are coaxial. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Shaft alignment can be performed with different tools.
The fixturlaser nxa geometry packages are characterized by their user friendliness and versatility. Coal handling plant alignment standards for shaft to shaft. The bent shaft affects alignment process by showing improper reading. If the movable shaft is below the horizontal stationary shaft reference line, the shaft is too low.
Aim to have all soft foot readings within 2 mils thou. The shaft alignment training course provides a highly practical knowledge of the use of dial gauge in coupling alignment. Shaft alignment of machines has been performed for over 200 years. When interpreting the graph to determine the movable shaft s front and rear feet positions in the ertical plane, observe the following rules. I myself have seen electricians and mechanics alike becoming frustrated trying to determine the cause of speed fluctuations and vibration in offset shaft driven equipment. Shaft alignment methods explained bright hub engineering. And you are correcting two angles, one for each coupling. Shaft alignment industrial wiki odesie by tech transfer. Shaft alignment is basically defined as the positioning of driving and driven shaft in such a way that at point of transferring of power from one shaft driving to other shaft driven, the axis of rotation of both shafts must lie in same line under normal operation or equipment. Shaft alignment is the process whereby two or more machines typically a motor and pump are positioned such that at the point of power transfer. Stepbystep drive shaft alignment through the years we have heard various myths about the pinion angle providing bite off the corners. The training course will indicate the importance of good installation, maintenance and failure analysis of couplings. Standard industry norms for alignment tolerances are cited in table 1.
May 2011 maintenance technology cardan shaft alignment. A cardan shaft is, in the simplest terms, a spacer shaft with a universal joint coupling on each end. I have experimented with pinion angles while running a nascar late model on a rear wheel dyno and found little in the way of power gains from more or less angle. Our alignment software is used for preparing, analyzing, archiving measurement files and printing professional reports. While at facilities across the country i noticed a lack of understanding regarding the need for precision alignment of offset shaft driven rotating equipment. Offset shaft alignments require specific shaft alignment equipment. The fixturlaser xa is capable of doing this type of alignment using a special bracket set and alignment program. Minimize wear, production stoppages and unnecessary costs with shaft alignment. The indicators are zeroed on the top and read at the bottom. Shaft alignment handbook crc press book rotating machinery is the heart of many industrial operations, but many engineers and technicians perform shaft alignment by guesswork or with limited knowledge of the tools and methods available to accurately and. The shaft alignment reverse dial class is the first in our shaft to shaft alignment series.
Depending on the shaft configuration, one of the two available methods can be used. The laser is mounted on a rotating frame which simulates the centerline of the non. Accurate alignment is vital to the operating life of rotating equipment. Pdf reports can be generated and directly saved from the system onto a usb stick. The speed of use and the precision in alignment means that investing in a laser based shaft alignment system usually pays for itself within 36 months. To achieve good, repeatable results, prealignment steps must be done. Laseralignment methods represent a marked improvement over traditional methods. This can be achieved by either parallel offset or angular misalignment. The maximum joint operating angle of 3 is recommended for optimum bearing life. Its name comes from a 16thcentury italian mathematician, girolamo cardano. Proper alignment of rotating equipment has a long been recognized as a prerequisite to safe, reliable operation. There are many devices available on the market, with different degrees of sophistication and price ranges. Intelligent cardan shaft alignment alignment solutions for all types of cardan shafts with specially designed brackets and new measuring methods, the rotalign ultra is platform allows cardan shafts to be aligned without removing the shaft.
Moreover, as the name suggests, the main purpose of shaft alignment is to make sure that the center line of the motor rotor shaft coincides with the center line of the driven machinery i. Sheng, ndition of the shaft alignment is crucial in order to make intelligent. This shaft alignment video presents the most basic concepts of alignment. Common cardan shaft alignment with laser the cardan shaft is removed and a longarm bracket is used to overcome the offset between the machine shaft centerlines. Dial gauge alignment procedure in covered with detailed animation. The alignment training is suitable for technicians undertaking machine alignment, coupling. Proper shaft alignment is not dictated by the total indicator reading tir of the coupling hubs or the shafts, but rather by the proper centers of rotation of the shaft. This 2day course begins with the fundamental principles behind shaft to shaft alignment and concludes with students conducting a series of alignment exercises using conventional alignment tools. For this method it is necessary to record all four cardinal readings. After removing the cardan shaft the special offset fixture mounts across the coupling flange of the driven machine. Understanding the need for offset shaft alignment vibralign. A static condition observed at the bearings supporting the propulsion shafts.